1. What is the Pump Head Equation?

The pump head equation calculates the energy imparted to the fluid by the pump, expressed in meters of head. It relates pump power, efficiency, fluid density, gravity, and flow rate to determine the height the pump can lift the fluid.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pump head equation:

Where:

• \( H \) — Head (meters)
• \( P \) — Pump power (kW)
• \( \eta \) — Pump efficiency (decimal, 0-1)
• \( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³, 1000 for water)
• \( g \) — Gravity (9.81 m/s²)
• \( Q \) — Flow rate (m³/s)

Explanation: The equation shows that head is directly proportional to power and efficiency, and inversely proportional to density, gravity, and flow rate.

3. Importance of Head Calculation

Details: Head calculation is essential for proper pump selection, system design, and ensuring the pump can overcome system losses and elevation changes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter pump power in kW, efficiency as decimal (0-1), density in kg/m³ (1000 for water), and flow rate in m³/s. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is typical pump efficiency?
A: Centrifugal pumps typically range from 40-85% efficiency (0.4-0.85), with higher efficiency in larger, well-designed pumps.

Q2: Why is density important?
A: Denser fluids require more energy to pump, resulting in lower head for the same power input. Water at 1000 kg/m³ is the standard reference.

Q3: How does flow rate affect head?
A: Higher flow rates generally result in lower head for a given pump power, as the energy is distributed across more fluid.

Q4: What if I need to convert units?
A: Ensure all units match the equation requirements (kW for power, m³/s for flow). Convert from other units before calculation.

Q5: Can this be used for any fluid?
A: Yes, but you must know the exact density of your fluid. For non-water applications, viscosity effects may also need consideration.